South Australia’s wildlife is unique, fragile, and under threat – but bold conservation projects are turning things around for some of our rarest species.
From marsupials to marine life, SA is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife on Earth – including many unique creatures you won’t find anywhere else.
Since European colonisation, SA’s creatures have faced plenty of challenges – from habitat loss, feral predators, bushfires and climate change.
The bad news is that an estimated 32 animal and 41 plant species have become extinct since then, while another 1100 species are threatened – but there’s plenty of good news too.
Turning the tide to safeguard our wildlife
With innovative projects, passionate volunteers, and serious state government backing, we’re fighting to turn the tide and give our endangered species a brighter future.
Plus, more than one fifth of SA’s land area is now protected as national parks, conservation parks, and reserves – a reflection of how seriously we take conservation here.
Let’s dive into some of the incredible efforts underway right now to save our wildlife.
The partnership saving species in the Far North
A $3 million partnership between the Department for Environment and Water (DEW) and the Foundation for Australia’s Most Endangered Species (FAME) is spearheading efforts to conserve vulnerable species in the Flinders, Gawler, and Gammon Ranges.
The initiative is creating three “safer havens”, each spanning 500 square km. These fence-free areas are designed to reduce threats from feral predators like foxes, cats, and goats while providing refuge for native species to thrive – and a place to reintroduce species back into the wild.
This initiative builds on the success of the Bounceback program, which has already reintroduced western quolls and brushtail possums to the Flinders Ranges. Now, it’s expanding its focus to include 11 projects over the next three years including the protection and restoration of endangered animal, bird and plant species.
The partnership also includes efforts to enhance habitats and boost climate resilience in the future. With the drying and more erratic climate, the project seeks to investigate how to restore habitats and populations of native species that can adjust to the future conditions and ecosystems. Future initiatives will seek to explore actions to further enhance climate adaptation.
Species benefiting from the $3 million project include:
- Yellow-footed rock wallaby (Andu) – These cute emblematic marsupials have rebounded after the management of feral goats to such an extent that visitors can now regularly see them in the area.
- Bassian Thrush – Habitat restoration efforts are helping this secretive bird thrive in its natural environment.
- Red-tailed Phascogale – These pint-sized, feisty marsupials were reintroduced into the Gawler Ranges “safer haven” last year and have already seen population growth – a major milestone. More releases are planned over the next two years.
In addition to these species the Sandhill dunnart, Flinders Ranges short tailed grasswren, mallee fowl, slender bell–fruit and Balcoona wattle are among the 31 threatened plant and animal species that have been recorded in the Bounceback management area and are expected to benefit from ongoing action.
Other conservation wins across South Australia
Meet the other SA animals getting the help they need to survive and thrive:
1. Giant Australian Cuttlefish: Protecting an underwater Spectacle
Every winter, thousands of cuttlefish gather to mate along the shallow reefs of Spencer Gulf, creating one of nature’s most extraordinary displays. Conservation efforts are focused on preserving breeding habitats and managing tourism to minimise environmental impacts.
A $400,000 project, supported by the Australian Heritage Grants program, is safeguarding 4km of critical breeding areas in the Cuttlefish Coast Sanctuary Zone to ensure this marine marvel continues to thrive.
2. Southern Brown Bandicoot: Building a Superhighway
This ground-dwelling marsupial, found in the Mount Lofty Ranges, relies on dense vegetation for protection. The Bandicoot Superhighway Project connects fragmented habitats in the Mount Lofty Ranges, plants over 35,000 seedlings, and fences priority areas to help bandicoots thrive.
3. Western Beautiful Firetail: Bringing Colour Back to the Bush
A collaborative effort between the Hills and Fleurieu Landscape Board, DEW, and the Bird Recovery Alliance is giving this striking bird a fighting chance – along with other threatened birds like the Diamond Firetail, Hooded Robin and Southern Emu Wren.
As part of the state government’s $1 million Targeted Species Recovery commitment, efforts include large-scale habitat restoration in the Adelaide Hills and Fleurieu Peninsula, transforming barren areas into lush habitats. Recent sightings of the firetail in restored areas prove these efforts are working, bringing hope for the species’ future.
4. Australian Sea Lions: Expanding Kangaroo Island’s Sanctuary
To protect vital breeding grounds for Australian Sea Lions, the state government is proposing a 15 square km expansion of Southern Kangaroo Island Marine Park, plus adding an additional 18 square km to the highly protected Seal Bay Sanctuary Zone. These measures aim to balance conservation with sustainable fishing practices.
5. Murray Crayfish: A clawed comeback
Nearly wiped out in South Australia, this spiny freshwater icon is staging a return thanks to relocation efforts. About 200 individuals were rescued and released into secret locations in the Murray River in 2023, with tracking devices helping monitor their recovery.
6. Eastern Osprey: Raising raptors with platforms
Eastern Ospreys, whose populations have dwindled due to habitat loss, are benefiting from purpose-built nesting platforms, thanks to a combined DEW and community effort that includes the Friends of Osprey. Seven platforms in the Yorke Peninsula and Eyre Peninsula have already boosted breeding pairs, with fledglings successfully hatching in recent years.
How you can help
Protecting wildlife is a collective effort. South Australians can contribute by volunteering with National Parks and Wildlife Service SA, reporting illegal wildlife trade through Crime Stoppers SA, or supporting habitat restoration projects. Even small actions – like planting native vegetation – can make a big difference.
You can also provide your feedback on the draft of South Australia’s first Biodiversity Act, which is aimed at balancing environmental protection and restoration with economic growth.
People can have their say on the draft by visiting YourSAy before midnight Tuesday, 18 February.
Inspired to help the conservation efforts? Take a look at opportunities for volunteering with National Parks and Wildlife Service SA (NPWS) and DEW
